HTML5 Introduction


HTML is the standard markup language for building Web pages, HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, and it contains the structure and hierarchy of Web pages in the form of html tags which are rendered at the browser end. The file extension of html is “.html”.

HTML Tags:
HTML tags are element names surrounded by <>
Every element has open “<>” and close “</>” tag
Ex: <elementname></elementname>

HTML web page Structure:
  <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
      <head>
      </head>
      <body>
      </body>
    </html>

  1. At the start we need to define doc type “<!doctype html>” is a declaration for html web page.
  2. Then  html tag “<html></html>” tag which initializes the DOM with the html web page.
  3. Just below is the “<head> </head>” tag which includes adding the <meta>, <script></script>, <style></style> tags.
  4. After the head is the body tab "<body></body>"

Key features :

a) Semantic elements: New elements like <header>, <footer>, <article>, and <section> are available.
b) Attributes of form elements:  New form attributes like number, date, time, calendar, and range are available.
c) Graphic elements: New graphics elements like <svg> and <canvas> are available.
Multimedia elements: Media elements like <audio> and <video>.

d) HTML5 API's (Application Programming Interfaces)

  • Geolocation
  • Drag and Drop
  • Local Storage
  • Application Cache
  • HTML Web Workers
  • HTML SSE

Key Points :

  • An HTML element starts with a opening tag and ends with a closing tag
  • An HTML tag starts with a < and ends with a >
  • The letters between the < and > are abbreviations
  • The element content is everything between the start tag and the end tag
  • Some HTML elements are empty 
  • Empty elements are closed in the start tag
  • Its a good practice to type all your tags in lowercase